Hopefully after having looked at six different examples, it should be obvious to you that electrons in the same atom with the same spin must be in different orbitals, while electrons in the same orbital of the same atom must have different spins. As a result, their spin quantum numbers cannot be the same, and thus these two electrons cannot exist in the same atom.įigure 7.2: Wolfgang Pauli, the scientist who first proposed the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Since these two electrons are in the same orbital, they occupy the same region of space within the atom. Second electron: n = 1, ℓ = 0, m l = 0, m s = +1/2 Let's take a look at several examples.Ĭan an electron with n = 1, ℓ = 0, m l = 0, and m s = +1/2 exist in the same atom as a second electron with n = 1, ℓ = 0, m l = 0, and m s = +1/2?įirst electron: n = 1, ℓ = 0, m l = 0, m s = +1/2 If one electron had m s = +1/2, then the other had to have m s = −1/2 and vice versa. If you remember back to an earlier section, electrons in the same orbital, sharing the same region of space, had to have different values of m s. Now when two electrons have exactly the same values for n, ℓ, and m l, they share the same region of space within the atom, and in the last lesson, you learned that that had important consequences in terms of their spins. Clearly, then, in order to be in the same orbital, two electrons have to have exactly the same values for n, ℓ, and m l. The values of first three quantum numbers for an electron determine exactly which orbital the electron in. How do you know that two electrons are in the same orbital? In order to fully specify an orbital, you need to know the principal quantum number, n, the azimuthal quantum number, ℓ, and the magnetic quantum number, m l. No Two Electrons in an Atom Can Have the Same Four Quantum Numbers State the maximum number of electrons that can be found in any orbital.Determine whether or not two electrons can coexist in the same atom based on their quantum numbers.Explain the meaning of the Pauli Exclusion Principle.Let's see what this means in terms of quantum numbers. When electrons are found inside an atom, they're restricted to specific areas, or regions within the atom which can be described by orbitals. 3 No Atomic Orbital Can Contain More than Two Electrons.2 No Two Electrons in an Atom Can Have the Same Four Quantum Numbers.
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